What Is Sciatica? Sciatica refers to pain that radiates along the path of the sciatic nerve — from your lower back through your hip and buttock and down the leg. It typically affects one side and can range from a mild ache to sharp, burning pain or even numbness and tingling. While sciatica often resolves on its own, physiotherapy can significantly speed up recovery and prevent it from becoming a chronic problem. Common Causes of Sciatica Herniated or bulging disc — the most common cause, where disc material presses on the nerve Spinal stenosis — narrowing of the spinal canal Piriformis syndrome — tightness in the piriformis muscle irritating the nerve Degenerative disc disease — age-related wear and tear Pregnancy — changes in posture and weight distribution How Physiotherapy Treats Sciat